Both World Health Organization and UNICEF recommend breastfeeding as the optimal source of infant nutrition. Despite this, as reported by the National Institute of Health, less than half (46%) of the two-three months infants are exclusively breastfeed in Italy. We aim to (a) to describe the breastfeeding self-efficacy of parturient women in a referral birth centre in Italy, (b) to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy.